Estudio de un caso clínico en paciente joven por complicaciones de cólera para un adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento

Abstract

Cholera is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio Cholerae, which causes acute diarrhea accompanied by vomiting and abdominal discomfort, causing extreme dehydration, which can be fatal if not treated in time and with the appropriate indications.1 According to the World Health Organization, each year there are more than 4 million cases and up to 143,000 deaths. The objective of this work was to analyze a case of cholera by understanding its biochemical mechanism and symptomatology in order to establish an adequate treatment in case of severe complications. For the development of the research, a descriptive study was used using updated scientific articles and clinical recommendations that respond to the case presented. As a conclusion we obtained that the biochemical mechanism of cholera toxin deactivates the sensor response pathways in intestinal epithelial cells and its ADP-ribose induced activation of cyclase leads to unrestricted flow of water into the intestines, resulting in massive diarrhea and dehydration.2 The immediate treatment employed is oral rehydration therapy, consisting mainly of NaCl and glucose.3 The transport of glucose and Na+ across the intestinal epithelium forces. Regarding pharmacological management, doxycycline is the recommended first choice for the treatment of all adult patients.4