Generación de la memoria inmunológica como respuesta a una reinfección o por inducción de la inmunidad adquirida artificial

Abstract

The human being is constantly exposed to various microorganisms that seek to enter the body and cause an infection, therefore, there are important barriers to evade said infection, the immune system being responsible for creating protection through the joint work of innate immunity and adaptation. After experiencing the first infection, the body produces memory cells mediated by lymphocytes (T and B) generating immunological memory, having the ability to remember the pathogen and destroy it immediately; There is another way to generate memory cells and it is through artificially acquired immunity through vaccines. Objective: To interpret the mechanism of action of primary and secondary responses in relation to immunological memory and how artificial acquired immunity participates, using the collection of scientific data that allows understanding the functioning of the immune system. Methodology: The bibliographic-descriptive method was used, searching for books, research papers and scientific articles of great impact that provide truthfulness and reliability in their information. Conclusion: It was verified that the immune system intervenes molecules, cells and tissues connected to each other in order to eliminate the pathogen that tries to alter the homeostasis of the organism through innate and adaptive immunity and then obtain the immunological memory that will be a valuable population with the characteristics of recall to a subsequent response, in addition to the advancement of science to artificial acquired immunity has allowed the development of vaccines as a replacement for the first infection.