Complicaciones por hemodiálisis en un Hospital de la Ciudad de Machala, Ecuador

Abstract

Introduction: Hemodialysis is a type of renal replacement therapy, indicated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). These constitute a public health problem, affecting 10% of the adult population. Product of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) such as arterial hypertension (HT) or diabetes mellitus (DM) among others. Aim: Identify complications during hemodialysis treatment in CKD patients. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, sample of 57 patients, older than 30 years; A validated questionnaire was carried out to collect the information. Results: Hemodialysis patients are older than 61 years in 33% of cases; of the masculine gender in 51%. With hemodialysis for more than 19 months, 72%. Complicated vertigo in 47% of cases, 30% without complications and with 5% hyperthermia and tachypnea respectively. With combined comorbidities such as diabetes + hypertension + glomerulonephritis in 19%; HBP + glomerulonephritis in 18% and glomerulonephritis in isolation in 16%. Conclusions: There is a predominance ofmales, older than 61 years in patients receiving hemodialysis. With combined comorbidities such as glomerulonephritis with high blood pressure and diabetes. Followed by the combination of glomerulonephritis with arterial hypertension and thirdly isolated glomerulonephritis. Noting that the common factor is glomerulonephritis. The most frequent complication was vertigo, followed by no complication in almost a third of the sample studied, a small percentage presented tachypnea, epistaxis, isolated or combined. The socialization of self-care in patients with diabetes and hypertension to avoid the development of chronic kidney disease is the key to its prevention