Estrategias de iniciación al atletismo en estudiantes de básica media de la Escuela de Educación Básica Vicente Rocafuerte

Abstract

This research work is an integrative project, and focused on analyzing the sports initiation strategies that are applied in the teaching and learning process of the athletics field tests with students from 8 to 10 years old, from where their Specific objectives were assigned to three parameters, the literature review, field work and the approach of a proposal. For the collection of information, a qualitative-descriptive approach was used, in order to diagnose the reality of the Vicente Rocafuerte basic education school regarding the initiation strategies starting from its conceptualization, its importance and the initiation games, likewise, athletics integrated by its definition, its history and field tests, and physical education, taking into account its indicators such as the importance of PE, sports practices and school sports. The methods selected for this research are the synthetic analytic, which helped significantly when obtaining information and writing the project objectives. With respect to the study sample, 6 teachers from the elementary and middle sublevel of basic general education were considered, these being the ones who were more predisposed to collaborate with the work. The instrument used was the semi-structured interview composed of a guide of 12 questions, where for its structuring the objects of study had to be related, from which three dimensions were derived initiation strategies, athletics and methodological proposal. Regarding the results, it was possible to establish that the initiation strategies positively influence the practice of athletics, specifically in the field tests because these allow the individual to acquire, from a playful approach, the skills and presport valences in a conscious and systematized to later represent in a practical way those acquired motor learning; In addition, it was determined that the main causes that limit the use of initiation strategies are two: there is no physical education teacher for the elementary and middle sublevel of basic general education and little knowledge about the athletics field tests in the teachers responsible for teach physical education classes. Therefore, it is recommended to plan, develop and evaluate the practice of athletics in physical education classes, acquire in advance the space and teaching materials necessary for teaching sports in physical education classes and use the didactic guide elaborated as a pedagogical instrument for the teachers responsible for the subject of physical education, with the purpose of massifying the steps to follow to practice the athletics field tests through initiation games.