Criterios imagenológicos en el diagnóstico de atelectasia

Abstract

Introduction: Atelectasis is defined as the collapse of the lung volume which is affected in its entirety or only a part of it. Their etiological classification defines them as obstructive and non-obstructive atelectasis. The diagnosis of atelectasis includes observation and physical examination, which must be corroborated through imaging tests. Currently, the use of the different learning modalities reflects as a result a computer where the necessary data for the early recognition of atelectasis are entered. Objective: To identify the imaging criteria present in atelectasis through the bibliographic review in the last 5 years in the Pubmed database, which allows medical personnel to achieve the recognition of this condition in an effective way through this update. Materials and methods: After searching for articles in a database such as Pubmed with the title "Pulmonary atelectasis, classification of pulmonary atelectasis", a selection was made of articles that are in quartile 1 and 2 of the Scimago Journal Rank. Conclusion: The signs of atelectasis present in the simple chest X-ray are considered as direct and indirect signs. The most advanced studies include computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in which the cause of atelectasis is identified, which provide signs of greater sensitivity and specificity. Artificial intelligence allows to improve image quality, suppress structures and focus on a specific area through automatic segmentation.