Tratamiento quirúrgico artroscópico de la luxación glenohumeral anterior

Abstract

Glenohumeral dislocation is the loss of full contact between the surface of the humeral head and the glenoid fossa. It is considered that around 50% of consultation reasons for joint dislocations in general are due to this condition. And of these, 95% correspond to an anterior glenohumeral dislocation. After a primary damage to the shoulder joint, its stabilizing components will have variable affectations, this will result in an unstable joint, this is the most frequent complication, hence the importance of proper management to prevent rather than prevent. Objective: To base the arthroscopic surgical treatment of the anterior glenohumeral dislocation through the review of scientific articles that justify its application for a correct management of this pathology. Methodology: A bibliographic review of various scientific articles with an age of 5 years, indexed to a DOI or ISSN, containing information on the arthroscopic treatment of anterior glenohumeral dislocation was carried out. Conclusion: arthroscopic treatment is preferred as routine management in patients with anterior glenohumeral dislocation since it achieves a low recurrence rate in the medium-long term and is less likely to prevent shoulder instability events. The initial management in patients with this pathology must be individualized, however, we can indicate surgical treatment by arthroscopy for patients under 30 years of age, whose need is to return to sports in the shortest possible time with the greatest functionality of the joint.