Estrategias lúdicas interactivas Montessori para la enseñanza de matemáticas en estudiantes de subnivel elemental de la Escuela Sebastián de Benalcázar, periodo 2021

Abstract

This degree work is oriented towards the study of Montessori interactive playful strategies for the teaching of basic operations in the subject of Mathematics in elementary sub-level students of the Sebastián de Benalcázar educational institution, in the 2021-2022 school period, due to the Because a fundamental element within the teaching career is the search and application of innovative strategies that facilitate the teaching and learning process in students. The type of research used was descriptive, since the study phenomenon was described in a thorough and detailed manner, the modality used is field, because an in situ investigation was carried out to collect data of interest. The methods used were analytical, inductive- deductive and historical-logical, since the object of study was thoroughly analyzed and the various components of the Montessori method and the necessary elements to apply it in the classroom were explained. Through the review of various scientific articles from high-impact journals in recent years and the contrasting of information from different authors, the theoretical framework of the research was developed, which has been the main axis on which the present research work gravitates.Through the application of several information collection instruments such as the survey, the interview and the observation guide, it was possible to verify the existence of low participation and motivation of the students in the teaching and learning process in the subject of mathematics, for therefore, the need to carry out an investigation about the aforementioned problem was determined with the purpose of identifying a feasible alternative that can solve the aforementioned inconveniences. Based on the results obtained, the importance of the teaching role in the educational process was highlighted, as well as the need to use playful strategies that favor the acquisition of mathematical skills in students, which allows students to participate actively during the process. development of the educational process, while at the same time facilitating the obtaining of the essential mathematical concepts established in the national education curriculum for each teaching sublevel, through the application of adequate didactic strategies taking the Montessori method as a reference. The reasons mentioned above prompted the execution of an intervention proposal that allows improving the teaching-learning process of the elementary sub-level students of the host institution in the area of Mathematics, therefore, it was determined appropriate to prepare a Didactic Manual of Montessori Interactive Playful Strategies, in which the suitable resources for each one of the arithmetic operations are detailed, this manual is divided into four chapters, in which the materials, processes, illustration, benefits and function of each one of the selected resources. This tool allows learning to be a playful activity in which students are motivated to learn. The didactic manual of Montessori interactive playful strategies is intended to be a support material for teachers, for the application of the didactic resources that are detailed in the manual, within their teaching process.