Modelo constructivista y su incidencia en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de ciencias naturales, sexto grado, Escuela José Ollague, Cantón Santa Rosa, 2021-2022.

Abstract

The investigative work is consolidated by compliance with the requirement for professional training in correspondence to the Basic Education Career as graduation work, under the integrative project modality as manifested by the parameters of the Technical University of Machala. Which was consolidated with the theme, Constructivism model and its impact on the teaching-learning of natural sciences, sixth grade José Ollague school, Santa Rosas canton 2021-2022. The research is duly substantiated according to the bibliographic review carried out through an exhaustive search of scientific articles that helped us to carry out the theoretical framework where we focus on the constructivist model, which is adequate for teaching today. Teachers must implement in their academic hours managing to awaken abilities and skills in students such as critical and analytical thinking and achieve student autonomy, reaching significant and lasting learning in order to provide people capable of transforming a country in a positive way reaching a quality education. The methods and techniques used were, the analytical method, quantitative method and qualitative method. In the same way, different techniques were developed such as, survey, interview and observation guide allowing the collection of information as a support for the veracity of the data obtained that were provided by teachers and students, due to this the tabulations would be achieved highlighting the numerical results. allowing the respective analysis to be carried out. The approach implemented in the investigative work is of a quantitative-qualitative nature because it allowed us to explain and describe the phenomenon under investigation and the cause-effect relationships between the variables in the same way, the investigative levels highlighted were descriptive and explanatory in nature so that the highlighted modality was bibliographic and field with a universe, made up of 2 teachers and 20 students of the sixth year of the Natural Sciences area. Regarding the results obtained, it was stated that the natural science teachers of the José María Ollague School do apply the constructivist model in the teaching-learning process, denoting a quality education, observing the commitment they have with the students, highlighting their skills, skills and strength being a guide for them, in which an interaction could be evidenced, obtaining certain benefits such as good learning that they are reaping. What we can limit is that the teacher does apply the constructivist method, but as it is known, education is constantly changing, which is why they lack an update of methodological techniques and strategies, evidenced this small flaw, the following proposal was made, Carry out a Manual of methodological techniques and strategies for the effective application of the constructivist model in the teaching of natural sciences at the José Ollague School, Santa Rosa Canton, 2021-2022. A variety of techniques are framed in this manual, such as, brainstorming, workshops, research technique and exhibitions, In the same way, the most suitable methodological strategies chosen were, problem-based learning, think puzzle explore, word idea phrase and point of view circles. These innovative techniques and strategies that will greatly favor the teaching-learning processes in the classroom, since it is necessary to convert the classroom environment into a space where the activities that are carried out are carried out in an interactive and playful way, mainly promoting the participation of the students, this for the benefit of achieving a pleasant education as required by society today, however, this is not all, because although we know the teacher must always be in constant pedagogical improvement The application of this manual will be very important because it seeks to support the teaching staff step by step in their arduous task of teaching, developing a pedagogy more active and dynamic in the classroom, at the same time dedication and persistence will be the most infallible factors for a correct application of it, helping their students to be more creative and reflective, allowing them to build their own knowledge based on new experiences and theories that will later be put into practice, providing them with lasting learning. Keywords, Constructivist model, significant learning, playful, techniques, methodological strategies, innovation.