Intervención del trabajador social a neonatos, en estado de abandono del Hospital María Lorena Serrano, cantón El Guabo,2021

Abstract

Newborns are individuals who need special care for their cognitive, social, emotional and motor (physical) development; however, all these factors are affected when the newborn is left unprotected, especially by the mother, since in the first instance an affective bond is created between mother and child. For this reason, it is necessary to accompany pregnant women from a psychosocial point of view, by internalizing issues about how to cope with the stages of pregnancy, involving their partners or close relatives, thus creating a support network for the pregnant woman in which she can dispel her doubts and concerns, feeling protected, supported and listened to. The objective of this study is to prevent the causes and consequences of neonatal neglect at the María Lorena Serrano Aguilar Hospital, through bibliographic research, statistical compilation and the proposal, under a qualitative approach, through the review of bibliographic sources and the application of the interview with the Social Worker of the institution and the observation guide. The execution of these techniques showed as a result that the possible causes of neonatal abandonment are mainly due to the health problems that the neonate has had since birth, as well as the economic factor. Another reason is the age of the mother, in other words, the vast majority of adolescents commit acts of abandonment of their infants because they are young or adolescent. And, finally, the existence of depression in the mother together with the lack of knowledge of her relatives about the situation is considered a cause in the subject of the study. However, the consequences of neonatal abandonment in society are not frequent, due to the fact that cases of abandonment occur in extreme situations; furthermore, in the social sphere there is momentary uncertainty, where the subject is not considered a topic of great impact. In other words, in particular cases, the main causes of neonatal abandonment are based on the health problems of the infants and the economic situations of the parents, where the instability of household income together with the age of the mothers has repercussions on the care and consideration of the neonates. For this reason, the social worker plays a fundamental role in the solution of problems related to physical, mental and emotional abuse and neglect, which is why neonatal neglect is considered a social problem that has a general impact on infants and, above all, on the parents. Based on this, it is necessary to carry out an adequate diagnosis in cases of neonatal neglect, taking into account that the priority is to consider the causes and consequences of these acts through this research proposal.