Análisis de la estrategia de taller de cuentacuentos para fortalecer competencias comunicativas en niñas y niños de 7 a 9 años

Abstract

A storytelling workshop is a playful strategy that serves to develop oral and written expression and active listening skills, involving and directing children. The general objective of this research is to analyze the strategy of storytelling workshops to strengthen communicative skills in children from 7 to 9 years old. To support this study, the theoretical bases are presented, focusing on the concepts of authors and research on strategy and its types, storytelling workshops and communicative competencies. In addition, a quali-quantitative methodology was approached with demonstrative purposes, through the application of techniques and instruments, such as content analysis, observation, surveys and interviews. First, the content analysis of 10 storytelling videos from the youtube platform was carried out, then a sample of 25 students and parents of fifth grade of the basic education school "Prof. Fabián Espinoza Sánchez" was taken, who were observed through a focus group, and a questionnaire of questions was also applied; likewise, interviews were conducted with teachers who have knowledge about this type of strategy. Their development yielded the following results: in the 10 audiovisuals, the narrators use colloquial language, mimicry, illustrations, voice changes that represent each of the characters and the costumes are in accordance with the theme of the stories. Field observation shows that 90% of the students paid attention, as evidenced by the notes in their notebooks and the gestures of interest in the audiovisuals. On the other hand, in the surveys based on the interaction and the answers to the questions related to the workshops, we found that three students did not have the same reaction as the majority, since they had difficulties in terms of concentration, their ability to reflect and write. In the surveys directed to parents, they indicate that 92% of them have the habit of reading stories to their children, 70.8% of the parents consider that these workshops have helped the development of their children's communicative skills. The 4 teachers interviewed agree that the appropriate age range to apply this type of strategies is between 7 and 9 years old. They also consider that the communicative skills that are developed as a result of storytelling are: active listening, verbal and oral language, capacity for dialogue and socialization, oral expression, among others, and also that in Ecuador these spaces do not persist as a priority for dissemination and creation, due to the little importance given to them. In conclusion, the study was able to analyze that the implementation of a storytelling workshop helps children to strengthen their communication skills, and its importance lies in the improvement of their ability to express themselves orally and in writing, effectively within their educational, social and family environment.