Gestión ambiental inicial de la empresa minera pacífico sur del distrito minero Camilo Ponce Enríquez, provincia del Azuay, Ecuador

Abstract

Mining activity throughout the time of implementation in several countries, including Ecuador, has generated significant economic development for people dedicated to this productive activity, but at the same time, it has not generated adequate social justice for those who work and live in its surroundings. who demand social equity, In the same way, the activity generates negative impacts that affect the different components of the ecosystem due to the generation of solid and liquid waste, emissions into the atmosphere, destruction of habitats, as well as affecting the health of the people who work in the different processes that are part of the mining activity as such. The actions and impacts generated by the Pacífico Sur company dedicated to underground mining located in the Camilo Ponce Enríquez mining district, province of Azuay, Ecuador, are analyzed in this research. Under this context, the mining exploitation process of the company is described, determining which are the activities and processes that it carries out and what are the impacts that they generate towards the structural and functional parts of the ecosystem of the study area and the effects on the people who they work in the same The impacts were identified qualitatively and each of them was described, and, all the problems found were analyzed to understand the requirement with which the present work focused on generating proposals for immediate intervention. The established proposal is directed particularly to comply with the regulatory provisions of the mining activity focused on preventing, mitigating and correcting the impacts generated on ecosystems and people, with the application of immediate actions that guarantee the sustainability of the Pacífico Sur mining company. The proposal is made up of 7 Goals or management strategies with their respective measures to be implemented, activities, those responsible for execution, means of verification and a reference budget with an application schedule established for 2 years. The cost of implementing the proposal is around $25,600 US dollars, which must be fully covered by the promoter of the activity to guarantee the best management of the mining processes with the existing environmental conditions. Each of the suggested strategies was assessed, from the technical part with the feasibility of implementing each of the actions or activities, the economic dimension based mainly on avoiding falling into administrative sanctions, the social dimension focused on the rights that each person who works in the company has the best health conditions and social protection, all oriented to comply with friendly actions with the biodiversity present in the area of influence of the studied project and to the establishment of the best working conditions for people. Finally, it is concluded that the activity of the Pacífico Sur mining company will be sustainable over time as long as the mineral with the characteristics of economic value object of exploitation exists gold as an element of mining exploitation, executing the actions or activities described in the investigation present.