Factores de aculturación en la transformación de la identidad de los habitantes del cantón Chilla. año 2021

Abstract

From a sociological perspective, popular culture is a fact that is created and recreated in daily social practice, in the socio-familial representation of customs and traditions transmitted from generation to generation that include aspects related to productive activities, festivals, gastronomy, stories, legends, clothing, values, beliefs, history and colloquial language, these cultural expressions are currently at risk in each canton of the country. The present research work evidences the diverse factors of acculturation that are transforming the identity of the inhabitants of the Chilla canton, considering that the community presents unique cultural characteristics in contrast to the other cantons, given that its population still maintains certain ancestral traits, expressions and cultural manifestations that identify them as Chillanos. Therefore, it is intended to determine the existence of manifestations of changes in the sociocultural identity of the inhabitants of the canton, generated by the combination of certain factors of acculturation through documentary review and verification of information in situ, to strengthen and preserve the cultural bases. The research design is transversal in scope - non-experimental, which is not resolved as a whole with a single research approach, therefore, a mixed approach is assumed qualitative-quantitative, the methods used are inductive-deductive, analytical-synthetic, the techniques used were observation, interviews and survey, the instruments applied were the observation sheet and questionnaire, which was applied to a sample of 235 inhabitants of the canton Chilla, taking into account that 2. 379 people reside in the area, the population considered in the study is the age range of 20 to 80 and over, giving a universe of 1,481, for the collection of information. The development of the research is based on the sociological current of Symbolic Interactionism, which allowed understanding the particularities of social interactions and transformations in the inhabitants, due to the fact that the individual creates shared meanings through interaction and these modify his reality. The results show the main characteristics of the changes of identity in the researched community which are, the alteration of local customs and traditions, abandonment of clothing, eating habits, local lexicon, forms of social relations, changes in community integration and participation, these transformations are due to globalization, communication technologies, geographical location, influx of tourists in the area, visits of migrants returning from other cantons, as well as stereotypes and fashions produced by commercial marketing. The proposal developed in the research aims to design a guide for the rescue and insertion of cultural practices and traditions of the Chilla canton, through the linkage with competent institutions and organizations that promote cultural activities to strengthen local identity. Therefore, it becomes an appropriate strategy to generate the rescue and insertion of cultural identity and in this way, it can be applied in a feasible way raising awareness among the population, eradicating the alienated acculturation factors that threaten the ethics and morals of society.