Diagnóstico de ruido producido por vehículos que circulan en las calles Av. Rocafuerte y calle San Martín del cantón Pasaje

Abstract

The following investigation entitled. Diagnosis of noise produced by vehicles that circulate on the streets av. Rocafuerte and Calle San Martín in the city of Passage. Its purpose is to investigate the diagnosis of noise caused by motor vehicles in two of the main arteries of the city of passage, thus causing inconvenience to the people who live in the sector and also to passers-by who circulate in the sector. This problem of noise pollution has been increasing due to the increase in vehicles that have been in the country and in the canton passage, as well as the increase in commercial premises causing the roads to be more traveled. The present work has been carried out under the modality of case analysis work, which is implemented with documentary and field sources through interviews with passers-by to obtain data on the affectation caused by the current noise caused by vehicles and we also obtained data by means of acoustic sounding on the site using the sound level meter and then carry out the noise analysis with the limit established in the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment. TULSMA, which will allow us to know the degree of contamination and acoustic affectation in the one in the canton passage and its inhabitants in the study area. In the development of this research work, the theoretical basis on the research topic is presented through various sources of documentary research, definitions such as noise pollution, noise, their types, their effects on people's health are presented, sound pressure and the respective levels, the decibel, weighting curves, the sound level meter, types and classes of sound level meter, calibration and its use, tables obtained from TULSMA and the Environmental Standard for noise control in the country, tables with permissible sound pressure levels. For the noise diagnosis, 8 Critical Affectation Points. PCA were considered for the acoustic survey in the study area that was Av. Rocafuerte and San Martín street between Ochoa León and Colon streets in the Canton Pasaje by means of a sound level meter complying with the parameters established in the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment, TULSMA., which was published in the official registry of Ecuador in November 2015, in which the correct use of the sound level meter is detailed , noise parameters to be respected, selection of critical impact points. PCA and existing measurement methods, where it was decided to use the 15-second method. Leq 15s, which establishes that a minimum of 5 samples must be collected 15 seconds each. Surveys were also carried out on the people who reside in the place, the people who have their commercial premises and the people who pass through the study area, in order to evaluate, analyze and know their knowledge about noise pollution. its effects on people's health and the main sources of noise in the area. A contingency plan was developed to help us mitigate, prevent and control noise pollution caused by vehicular traffic, this proposal is aimed at benefiting the inhabitants and the environment in order to have a better quality of life in the area and a healthy environment as far as noise is concerned.