Antígeno somático “o” y su relación con organismos enteropatógenos(shigella)

Abstract

Shigella is an enteropathogenic organism, a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. They are facultative anaerobes, i.e. they can develop in the presence or absence of oxygen. This bacterium is the cause of the so-called bacillary dysentery. They are identified by their biochemical and antigenic characteristics, they are classified into four species: S. dysenteriae, serotype A; S. flexneri, serotype B; S. boydii, serotype C; S. sonnei, serotype D. Transmission is fecal-oral, either directly or indirectly from a patient or carrier. Shigella survives in the acidic environment of the stomach, stimulating diarrhea at the level of the jejunum until it reaches the colon, causing inflammation. It has a complex, thermostable, thermolabile antigenic structure; the objective is to identify the somatic antigen O that Shigella possesses in order to know the components that characterize it. The somatic antigens constitute the external part of the lipopolysaccharide, this lipopolysaccharide forms vaccinal molecules, due to its importance in the development of diseases, since there is full knowledge of its capacity to induce protective immunity in host organisms.