Métodos de diagnóstico para determinar la etiología de las bacteriemias por microorganismos anaerobios.

Abstract

Bacteremia currently has a high rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To give a timely diagnosis there are methods such as; blood culture and molecular, which contribute to the identification of bacteria in the bloodstream. The objective of this work is to select a diagnostic method for the resolution of a practical case through bibliographic review and analysis in scientific journals, for the determination of bacteremia produced by anaerobes. In this work, a descriptive study was carried out, which will focus on the resolution of a practical case through a bibliographic review of a scientific article, to obtain information that allows selecting the diagnostic methods of bacteremia caused by anaerobes such as Bacteroides caccae. In the investigation, information was collected on the main anaerobic bacteria that cause bacteremia, how it is diagnosed and with what analysis it can be evidenced. Finally, we identified that anaerobic bacteria are not frequent in bacteremia, however, the few studies carried out determined that the predominant genus is bacterorides. While 45% of bacteremias are caused by aerobes, where the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli are generally found. To give a diagnosis of bacteremia, it is necessary to analyze the phases of this pathology, where symptoms such as: fever of 38°C, low blood pressure and leukocytosis are presented, triggering septicemia. The normative methods used are blood cultures and molecular, where the use of blood cultures predominates due to its low material cost, while molecular methods turn out to be expensive.