Elementos que caracterizan a los sistemas silvopastoriles, beneficios que aportan al ambiente y a los productores.

Abstract

Silvopastoral systems are defined as the combination of fruit trees and timber use with pastures and breeding animals, all depending on the area or place where the agroecosystem is established. Its main objective is to increase the yield in the production system, the reduction of stress of crops and animals, this is achieved by normalizing the microbiota and supplying products such as good quality wood either raw or worked giving it an added value, fodder, firewood for the cold seasons, coal, fruits since its harvest is annual depending on the crop can vary, grass, milk, cheese, yogurt, meat, sausages, leather, compost, etc. The main objective of this research work is to identify the elements that characterize silvopastoral systems in agroecosystems, their benefits for the soil contribution of organic matter by trees that periodically detach from leaves, fruits or branches, conservation of water sources, minimization of environmental pollution, reduce deforestation and degradation of forests by increasing carbon stores and that it is a livestock low emissions of carbon, methane and nitrous oxide, thus achieving sustainable silvopastoral systems and a strategy for mitigation and adaptation to climate change that allows increasing the productive indices of animals, improving the livelihoods of producers and the environment. From the economic point of view, suppliers of products for the basic basket.