Prevalencia de <i>ehrlichia canis </i>en la parroquia chacras cantón arenillas mediante la técnica de frotis sanguíneo con tinción diff quick

Abstract

Ticks are parasites that constitute a high-risk health problem, because they are vectors of diseases that mainly attack dogs and these, in turn, become reservoirs of pathologies called hematozoa. Canine Ehrlichirosis disease is a disease with worldwide distribution, caused by the Ehrlichia Canis bacterium and spread mainly by ticks that infect leukocytes, but it can also occur through blood transfusions from infected dogs to others in a susceptible state. History dates back that in tropical regions the disease can be considered endemic due to factors such as environmental changes as they directly influence the distribution of ticks as well as the mobility of pets from one place to another enables and contributes to the spread of this disease in areas where they are not considered epidemic. Currently, according to studies, about 900 species of ticks distributed worldwide are recognized, whose main concentration is located in subtropical and hot regions. Ehrlichia canis disease can be treated pharmacologically, however, many animal owners ignore the symptoms and go to the doctor when the disease is quite advanced, leaving the door open to a potential infection in humans. The main objective of this research work was to determine the prevalence of Ehrlich Canis. Using the direct blood smear technique with diff quick staining in canines from the Chacras parish, Arenillas canton. The sample consisted of 100 dogs taken at random, without distinction of breed, sex, weight, etc., for the subsequent determination of the disease with or without the presence of symptoms, of which, through the blood smear technique, 21 were identified. positive cases of the disease, that is, 21%. This research focused on studying the prevalence of the disease according to sex, age, weight and hematocrit level of the dogs. These specimens were clinically examined and sampled to identify, from the application of the blood smear, the presence of the disease. For the smear, the technique of the two slides was carried out, which consisted of placing a drop of blood at one end of the slide and the edge of the second slide with an inclination of 45 degrees, it must touch the drop so that it is distributed throughout the edge. of the slide and slide gently longitudinally on the slide until the drop of blood spreads perfectly without leaving any bubbles or lumps. The investigation revealed a high tendency in the age factor, as the one with the highest risk, and also the low level of hematocrit in the positive cases, which leads to the need to manage and execute preventive and care programs in the locality. , since it is very common that the owners of the animals are not aware that the places through which they walk their puppies, contact with other dogs, deworming and other situations, lead to facilitating the distribution of the tick that leads to Ehrlichia canis disease.