Efecto de inclusión de plectranthus amboinicus en el alimento de pollos broiler sobre la inmunidad.

Abstract

The present investigative work was carried out in the facilities located at the "Santa Inés" Farm located in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences belonging to the Technical University of Machala. The objective that was raised for this research was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of dehydrated Plectranthus amboinicus in the balanced feed of Cobb 500 Broiler chickens on immunity. For the execution of the experimental work, 240 chickens of the Cobb 500 line were acquired; mixed, the same ones that were distributed, applying a completely random design (DCA) in metal mesh cages, whose management was carried out under strict biosafety standards established by the university entity and standards of good practices related to poultry farming, with the purpose to beneficially adapt the environment both for the birds and for the project operators. A basic vaccination plan was managed according to the locality, which consisted of the administration of vaccines for Gumboro intermediate strain and New Castle strain La Sota. The balanced feed was made with raw materials acquired through the company "BALMAR". The chickens were distributed in 6 experimental groups, with 4 replicates each, even with 10 chickens per cage. To the first treatment (T1 or control) the growth promoting antibiotic was added, in the second (T2) the growth promoting antibiotic was replaced by the dehydrated leaf of P. amboinicus in the balanced 0.25%, in treatments T3, T4 and T5, the inclusion of P. amboinicus, was 0.50%, 0.75%, 1%, respectively and for T6 dehydrated stem was included at 0.10%. The variables evaluated were: antemortem weight (g), spleen weight (g), bursa weight (g), number of Peyer's patches (n), number of bursa folds (n), spleen morphometric index ( %) and morphometric index of the Bursa (%). On day 35, the birds were sacrificed, for which a male and a female were randomly chosen per experimental unit, obtaining a total of 48 animals, from which the intestines, spleen and bursa were extracted to perform the immunological analysis. . For the weighing of the chickens in the experiment, a gram scale was used with a margin of error of ±1g; CAMRY brand. In the statistical analysis of data, an ANOVA analysis was carried out for one factor. All study variables were analyzed using Statgraphics Centurión XV.I.® (statistical program). In the same way, Fisher's (LSD) multiple comparison procedure was performed to establish the difference and its confidence intervals at a 95.0% level. The results obtained in this study showed that the inclusion in the balanced food of the dehydrated stems and leaves of P. amboinicus in the balanced food supplied to Cobb 500 chickens, does not show a negative or positive effect regarding the immunological factor, Similarly, it is not shown that the first treatment containing growth promoting antibiotic is superior to the other treatments in this parameter studied.