Efecto de la inclusion de plectranthus amboinicus en el alimento pollos cobb 500 sobre los parámetros productivos y económicos.

Abstract

The research work was carried out at the "Santa Inés" farm located in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Machala, in the province of El Oro. The proposed objective of the study was to evaluate the inclusion of ground dehydrated P. amboinicus stems and leaves in the feed of Cobb 500 chickens on productive and economic parameters. For the experiment, 240 broilers (Cobb 500 line) were used, distributed completely at random in cages of approximately 0.80 m2 at the beginning and then extended to 1 m2 in diameter; all the management was carried out under the respective biosecurity protocols of the poultry species to guarantee the success of the production. The first week is one of the most critical, because the temperature must be adequate for the chicks to feel in an environment according to their needs, so four gas brooders were placed, which were removed as the birds grew. Ventilation, temperature, hydration and feeding factors were efficiently managed throughout the rearing period. The vaccination schedule according to the area consisted of the application of intraocular vaccines such as Gumboro (Intermedia) and New Castle (La Sota), revaccinating in subsequent days directly in the drinking water. For the preparation of the feed, the raw materials were acquired from the private company "Balmar"; the birds were placed without sexing in six groups, each with four replicates and placing a total of 10 animals inside. The first treatment, called control or control, contained antibiotic as growth promoter, in the second treatment the APC was replaced by the dehydrated leaf of P. amboinicus in 0.25% inclusion, the third treatment the inclusion of 0.50% oreganon, the fourth treatment at 0.75%, the fifth at 1.0% and the last treatment incorporated the inclusion of the dehydrated ground stem of the plant at 0.10%. The oreganon was obtained by previously harvesting it and then placing it in the dehydrators, leaving it for a period of approximately 24 hours and finally grinding it to include it in the feed. The variables studied were: live weight, feed consumption, water consumption, conversion index, productive efficiency factor, kilograms of meat produced per square meter (expressed in grams), mortality (%) and economic costs per treatment. Regarding the statistics, we worked with the "Statgraphics Centurión X.V.I.®" program, using an analysis for a single factor "Anova", and to determine the differences and reliability intervals we opted for the Fisher's LSD multiple comparison (0.95% confidence). Based on the results, it is concluded that there are no significant statistical differences in the productive parameters when oreganon dehydrate is included in the diet at different percentages of inclusion, while in the economic costs variable, it is shown that the use of the plant in question is profitable, since it entails lower costs for its production.