Técnicas psicológicas más efectivas para el tratamiento del trastorno de estrés postraumático

Abstract

The objective of this work focuses on describing the most effective techniques for the treatment of post-traumatic stress, considering the principles of brief therapy. Using a methodology based on a descriptive study with the bibliographic review of 15 scientific articles published in the last five years (2017-2021) and from repositories such as Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Google Scholar, etc. For the informative search process, the keywords PTSD, treatment, symptomatology, brief therapy, cognitive behavioral, technical and efficacy were used. It can be concluded that the most used techniques were of a cognitive behavioral approach, among them, psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, muscle relaxation, imagery exposure, live exposure, thought stopping, problem solving, systematic desensitization, among others. The effectiveness of the treatment was demonstrated in the decrease of the symptoms of anxiety and depression characteristic of PTSD, as well as an increase in self-esteem, which allowed the victims to develop more security, likewise the intrusive thoughts were diminished, while other symptoms were extinguished, this was evidenced in the follow-up sessions carried out over time. Finally, it is recommended to undertake future research that addresses in-depth studies based on the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, thus encouraging new psychological intervention strategies for greater management of the problem and consequently its balance in mental health.