Manejo terapéutico integral de la dismenorrea primaria en adolescentes orientado al primer nivel de atención sanitaria

Abstract

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), first described in 1932 and defined as hypogastric pain associated with menstruation, is the first cause of gynecological morbidity in women of childbearing age in the absence of previous pelvic organic injury; without differentiating between race, ethnicity or social status; generally, it appears with the onset of menstruation or a few hours later and can last from eight to 72 hours. Objective: To describe the comprehensive therapeutic management of primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents, aimed at the first level of health care. Materials and methods: Descriptive, retrospective study obtained in databases such as: PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar and Cochrane, from the last 5 years and that contribute to the proposed theme. Results: 35 studies were included, of which 15 belong to journals postulated in the first quartile of scientific evidence, where the updated comprehensive management of primary dysmenorrhea in the first level of care was analyzed. Conclusions: Based on the literature reviewed, in the comprehensive management of primary dysmenorrhea for the medical professional in primary care, you should focus on nutritional, dietary, exercise and physiotherapeutic aspects, in addition to ancestral complementary medicine, and the existing pharmacopoeia in relation to the use of NSAIDs plus COC and in specific refractory cases, ablation of the utero-sacral nerve, or laparoscopic presacral neurectomy.