Efecto de alimentos balanceados comerciales y predigeridos con probióticos sobre el crecimiento y supervivencia del camarón blanco litopenaeus vannamei.

Abstract

Shrimp production in Ecuador is one of the strongest economic activities in the country, and it is also one of the largest exporters of this type of crustacean in the world. The shrimp sector has been affected by different diseases that have caused certain years shrimp production is low, so it is very helpful to have economic resources that help us face these ups and downs in the aquaculture sector in order to continue maintaining operations in shrimp production to recover the strong investments that these entail, one of the ways that the shrimp sector has implemented is planting techniques in different densities which has allowed it to have a greater amount of production in less space, thus having a greater amount of production and one of the highest economic items in shrimp production is food, so it is necessary to have good knowledge and good management of the food we supply to our crops. For this reason, the need for the shrimp sector was seen, so a practical study was carried out where the effect of four diets, two commercial balanced feeds and two predigested feeds on the growth and survival of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei was evaluated. The different methods that were used to obtain data in this project were field, descriptive and static in order to obtain true conclusions and help the benefit of the aquaculture sector to make decisions. For this study, the facilities of the mariculture station in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Machala were used. Eight tanks with a capacity for 160 L were used, each with its own independent aeration system, where 10 shrimp were placed in each tank for the study, these being the same to make a more real comparison, commercial and predigested balanced feed. They were fed in two doses, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. The water parameters were also taken to monitor dissolved oxygen, temperature, among other parameters. As a final result, it was possible to show that the best balanced diet, which obtained the best results in growth and survival, was the commercial balanced food denominated B1 with a protein of 30% 2.0 pelletized, having a faster growth unlike the others three diets that were given in the study. The study lasted ten weeks with juvenile organisms with an initial general average of 3.64 g. However, in all the other treatments there was growth and the water quality parameters for all the tanks remained stable. On the other hand, it is advisable to carry out more studies to have more information and be able to use this type of balanced diet with certainty in our crops and obtain the benefits that were observed in the results of this investigation.