Importancia de la cadena de valor en agronegocios y su rol en la economía de la provincia de El Oro

Abstract

The objective of this research work is to analyze the importance of the value chain in agribusiness and its role in the economy of the province of El Oro. The development of the Ecuadorian agricultural field has been destined to food productions that are located in the basic basket. and that have been a source of employment generation and dynamism of the mixed economy. The objective of this research is to analyze and understand the importance of the value chain of Agribusiness in the Province of El Oro. The value chain helps to contribute and improve income distribution in rural areas, facilitate market insertion, reduce transaction costs, increase the exchange of local information, improve the transfer of ICTs. Gold in its different productive links concentrates four economic axes, which are distributed by small, medium and large companies; its economic activities focus on Commerce, Agriculture, Livestock and Fishing, Manufacturing and Mining. It is concluded that 57% of people are unaware of the use of the value chain by agricultural companies that are distributed among small, medium and large farmers that generate employment and development in the fourteen cantons of the Province. The importance of value chains derives from new trends in agri-food markets, which imposes great challenges on the agricultural sector of Ecuador, induce competitive improvements in primary production to have a permanent supply, in volumes and qualities appropriate to the demand in markets, increase productivity, improve post-harvest processes, reduce production costs, with the cooperation of public policies promoted by local GADs, in order to generate incentives to attract strategic investors in the agricultural branch. Therefore, the value chain is made up of two basic elements: Primary activities: they have to do with the production, logistics and marketing of the product. Secondary or support activities: responsible for the administration of human resources, technological development, purchases of goods and services, business infrastructure, legal advice and public relations. The companies that are dedicated to agriculture, the chain includes the steps that take a product from the production stage to the distribution stage. In this way, it creates and sustains its competitive advantage, allowing better income for producers. What characterizes the value chain approach is its interest in the processes and activities that relate to customers; not so much because of the expenses or the departmental organization. The value chain focused on agribusiness is a set of strategies, actions or measures, which are a fundamental part of small and large companies, being linked to a system allows an organization to achieve its objectives and develop economically within a sector in which he specializes. As a tool belonging to business management, there is the value chain of agribusiness, which is referred to in this project with respect to its importance in the economy of the province of El Oro.