Robot interactivo como estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza de ciencias naturales de séptimo año en la Escuela Teniente Hugo Ortiz

Abstract

This research project determined the degree of influence of the use of educational robotics as a didactic teaching strategy in the subject of Natural Sciences. For the development of the educational robotics prototype, the ADDIE methodology was used, which involves the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation as parameters to be followed in the development of educational robotics prototypes, in the technical constitution of the prototype the Arduino IDE was used as it is a friendly and compatible environment, as well as the Tinkercad software in which the sketches were developed and finally the Fritzing software, where the connection design of the electronic components was developed. It was applied in the School of Basic Education "Teniente Hugo Ortiz", and the population was constituted by the tutor teacher and students of Seventh Year of General Basic Education. Within the execution of this research project, evaluation instruments were used: pre-test and post-test, which showed the effectiveness and fulfilment of the objectives set out, providing a solution to the problem detected. A F.O.D.A. was applied to analyse the context in which the institution is located and the problems that surround it, qualitative and quantitative research methods such as surveys and interviews were also used to collect information in the interactions carried out on the application of the prototype. In order to analyse the results obtained from the surveys that were applied in the two interactions with the object of study, the IBM SPSS software was used because it is a user-friendly and easy-to-use environment. The data obtained from the surveys and interviews with students, teachers and parents show that the use of educational robotics as a teaching strategy for natural sciences strengthens the learning process, allowing students to interact actively and collaborate with their classmates to develop activities. In conclusion, the use of educational robotics prototypes as a strategy within the teaching process brings benefits to student learning, such as: motivation, interaction, communication with classmates, knowledge acquisition and experimentation, these aspects are reflected in the results of the surveys and interviews applied to students, teachers and representatives/parents of the educational institution.