Factores de vulnerabilidad y las consecuencias del trabajo infantil de los Niños Niñas, del cantón Machala, provincia de El Oro, período 2020

Abstract

The objective of the present has assumed, to analyze the situation of the children and adolescents of Child Labor of the Machala Parish, determining the vulnerability factors present in the intervened population and the various consequences that this problem brings with it, such as school dropout and school dropout. that carrying out this activity implies not having the necessary time required by the study, on the other hand there are the damages caused to their health, both physical and psychological, sexual harassment, among others. To carry out the present investigation, the qualitative-quantitative mixed approach was used from the deductive-inductive level, carrying out a logical-inductive analysis that allowed us to process the collected bibliographic and field data, Making use of the methodology such as the interview, which allowed obtaining relevant information about the problem studied, the study population was directed to 10 children and adolescents in a situation of Child Labor located on Boyacá and Sucre streets between Juan Montalvo and Guayas. The importance of exposing the reality in which children and adolescents live in the activity of Child Labor, theoretically based, made possible the elaboration of instruments that allowed obtaining the information. The findings found reflect that the problem is caused by various socioeconomic factors that especially affect dysfunctional families, the main characteristic is the scarce resource, which forces children and adolescents to be immersed in adulterous activities that prevent a good physical, psychological and social development, such as informal trade, agriculture, recycling, mechanical assistant, construction, car washers, commercial premises, etc. The proposed proposal children and adolescents free of Child Labor has the purpose of raising awareness among citizens about the reality in which the study population lives focused on the Machala parish, through the making of an informative video that is reflected in consensual social networks that collect, process, analyze and disseminate information to achieve denaturalization of Child Labor and also the execution of information tables that cover established topics about the consequences of the problem raised with the aim of informing the general public to promote changes in values, attitudes and practices around Child Labor. Vulnerability factors directly affect integral development, placing minors in a disadvantageous situation, being an easy target for the violation of their rights. The streets, traffic lights, markets and central points are specific places where at first glance children and adolescents are located carrying out activities that endanger their lives. Therefore, achieving the eradication of Child Labor depends solely and exclusively on citizens, since they are the main authors and responsible for this social problem to continue to increase, because by not having altruistic thinking, they do not generate a change that makes possible the Disengagement of children and adolescents who are exercising this activity.