Análisis de contenido sobre la calidad periodística de los medios digitales MP Noticias y Machala Móvil

Abstract

Digital media are transforming the way of communicating a news, with the reception they have received in the different digital platforms and their rapid viralization of information, the immediacy when sharing and creating content, makes journalistic work seen as a simple and easy job to perform both its way of producing and disseminating its contents. With this leap the journalist assumes new challenges, being pertinent to analyze if they maintain good journalistic practices among them the journalistic quality being an extensive term with multiple definitions in this work is measured according to the journalistic added value method (VAP), composed of two parameters; selection and creation. A quality content depends a lot on the journalistic routines of the medium and the journalist, from the selection process there are indicators such as the use of sources the origin of the news that influence this phase, while in the process of creation influences the style, context and approach therefore are tools that allows to have or not a quality journalistic text. The case study aims to analyze the content of MP. Noticias and Machala móvil digital media of the province of El Oro, to know the criteria that are used in the process of selection of the news (gatekeeping) and the process of creation of the published notes (newsmaking) and in this way evaluate their quality and journalistic routines. From a qualitative and quantitative approach, an observation sheet was built based on the metrics of the VAP to analyze the journalistic content, within the selection process there is a level of selectivity of the news, level of access and quality of the news, while in the process of creation; style, content and focus. The analysis was carried out during the months January to July, a random date was determined from which a day of the week of each month was established obtaining a sample of 116 news from the medium Mp Noticias and 81 news from Machala mobile. The results show the lack of journalistic equity in the contrast of information evidencing the small number of sources, being in greater percentage the use of institutional sources, while the origin of the information is inclined to sources of interest and relevance of information highlighting institutional and community content this indicates a devaluation in the quality of journalistic work. An inclination was also found in the selection of hard news about conjunctural events arousing collective interest which makes the journalistic text attractive in addition there is no abuse of adjectives being used in a moderate way and in necessary cases. The interviews with the experts allowed to contrast the results of the content analysis and contribute to the improvement in the creation of journalistic texts and their routines, they agree that to have informative quality it is necessary to use two or more sources to have equity in the information, although sometimes it becomes difficult since there are cases that the sources do not want to be participants in the testimonies.