Gestión de residuos de aparatos eléctricos y electrónicos RAEE en la Universidad Técnica de Machala, provincia de El Oro

Abstract

The increase in technologies and the use of electrical and electronic equipment have led to an increase in the generation of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE. In addition, the same pattern is repeated in higher education institutions IES, who acquire these devices for the fulfillment of their functions and when they become obsolete, their management is their main challenge, being the Technical University of Machala UTMACH part of that problem. Under this context, the present study is made up of three chapters that consist of, analyzing the problem of the generation and management of WEEE in the UTMACH and its respective faculties, to then propose an integrative proposal and finally, an analysis of the feasibility of the proposal through the technical, economic, social and environmental dimensions. Chapter I diagnoses the object of study that aims to analyze the management of WEEE at the Technical University of Machala, diagnosing the types of waste generated and its treatment, for which information was collected from three lowering processes of goods. Where it was found that the type of waste that originates the most is from computer equipment with approximately 0% of devices, the area that contributes the most is Central Administration with 0% followed by the Faculty of Civil Engineering with 0% in the 2 first processes, while in the third process Central Administration overlaps with 0% and follows the Faculty of Business Sciences with 0%. Chapter II is carried out based on an integrating proposal with the objective of proposing a plan of strategies that allow the reduction, management and connection with society, regarding the generation of WEEE in the UTMACH. The proposed strategies respond to the problems identified in Chapter I and are focused on giving a better treatment to these wastes and thus the institution has a significant contribution in the preservation of the quality of life of its educational and administrative community, the same society and environment. In Chapter III, the feasibility of the proposal is developed in its dimensions: technical, economic, social and environmental. The technical dimension was developed through a diagram of the McKinsey Management Model, where we demonstrate seven characteristics (Strategy, Structure, Skill, System, Style, Staff and Shared Values) that the proposal meets and thus allows easy application. The economic dimension is based on the estimation by means of a diagram of items, in which it is evident that these can be covered with an effective management by the institution. The social dimension is exposed through a SWOT matrix and finally the environmental dimension is made through a State Pressure and Response PER matrix, where the pressures in the environment, their current presentation and the response to mitigate the impacts produced are evident. In conclusion, the Technical University of Machala, generates every year considerable amounts of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, being in the central administration area and the faculties of Business and Civil Sciences those who mostly contribute with waste. The entity does not carry out an adequate management and therefore the proposal is presented as a contribution to the solution of the problem.