Diagnóstico ambiental de la camaronera de agua dulce PRODUCAM ubicada en el sector Chacras cantón Arenillas provincia de El Oro

Abstract

Throughout the history of the national economy, shrimp production has positioned itself as one of the fundamental activities that generate considerable amounts of foreign exchange, thus improving the economic condition of the different participants and the population in general. However, in order to obtain this marine product, it is necessary for companies to use certain chemical products that allow them to ensure the production of a quality product that is optimal for commercialization; however, these products contain high concentrations of elements that, if not handled correctly, cause an imbalance in the physical constitution of the natural resources present. Therefore, the reality faced by the province of El Oro is not far from the above-mentioned context, especially since this coastal area of Ecuador is one of the most important shrimp farming areas. In this sense, for this research, the shrimp company PRODUCAM, located in the parish of Chacras in Arenillas, is taken as the object of study. This company is dedicated to the production of freshwater shrimp, taking advantage of the springs of the rivers that are located in its sector and at the same time, it uses traditional farming techniques that can affect areas that have natural resources of the habitat such as the Arenillas ecological reserve. Therefore, the general objective of this research is to implement adequate strategies to avoid the extension of resource contamination by the shrimp company PRODUCAM in the Chacras sector, which will be carried out through the creation and application of an environmental management plan that will reduce the impacts of contamination in the studied area. The methodology applied during the present case of mixed type will be constituted by a qualitative and quantitative approach that will start from the field and documentary research, which will allow obtaining the bases that will support the case from the reality and the opinions of other authors from their research. Likewise, tools such as observation, interviews and the creation of an environmental management plan will be used to verify the level of contamination in the area and at the same time contribute to the improvement of the traditional practices that are carried out. The purpose of the proposal is to counteract the levels of contamination that are evident in the Chacras sector in the natural resources, especially water, since it is about complying with a PMA that is associated with the current legal regulations and allows obtaining a healthy and harmonious environment for the population of the present and future generations. In other words, the project will seek to conserve the ecosystem resources and maintain the shrimp farming activity through friendly practices, favoring the community economically and environmentally, since it not only seeks to safeguard the resources but also to allow the continuity of its production processes with the proper management of the natural elements found in the area.