Contaminación de desechos sólidos en la actividad comercial del mercado central de la ciudad de Machala

Abstract

The present work of systematization of experiences focuses on investigating the pollution that originates from solid waste, which negatively affects the commercial activity of the central market of the city of Machala, province of El Oro, seriously affecting the economy. Of the merchants who sell their diversity of products for the consumer society of the center of Machala and its surroundings. The central purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of solid waste pollution on the commercial activities of the central market of the city of Machala and thus, identify the causes and consequences that cause this type of waste, to later establish which are the main pollutants that influence the commercial activities of the central market and, in this way, propose, from the point of view of the professional in social work involved in environmental issues, a community intervention plan for the integral management of solid waste that involves the merchants and to the Municipal GAD of the city of Machala. This is why bibliographic information was collected from websites with scientific information and from repositories of indexed journals of the institutional platform of digital resources, as well as the pertinent lexigraphy to have theoretical bases that support the research problem. Does solid waste affect commercial activities in the central market of the city of Machala. Considering the aforementioned, this study starts from a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach, with the purpose of applying the survey technique, with a questionnaire of Likert scale and multiple-choice questions to twenty customers who consume products sold in this market and interviews with a questionnaire of structured questions, to twenty merchants in the sector, in addition to the director of the environmental department of the municipal GAD of Machala and EMAM, to support this systematization work with experimental and methodological bases. It should be noted that the interview was applied following biosafety protocols to safeguard the health of the research team and those interviewed and thus avoid COVID-19 infections. The application of data collection techniques allowed us to know that two factors that cause contamination by solid waste are the limited environmental education of citizens and the lack of garbage deposits by the Autonomous Municipal Government of Machala, causing solid waste accumulate on the sidewalks of public asphalt, causing insects and rodents to plague the sector, seriously affecting the development of commercial activities, since citizens, upon perceiving the stenches from the accumulation of this type of waste, avoid going to buy their weekly pantry. Or monthly causing a decrease in the sales figure. For this reason, the need arises to implement the proposal of the Building Life campaign, which includes a community intervention plan for the integral management of solid waste that involves merchants and the Municipal GAD of the city of Machala to reduce the research problem.