Experiencias de las personas adultas mayores con insuficiencia renal

Abstract

The research was based on knowing the experiences of older adults with kidney failure and the importance of family support in the acceptance and adherence to the treatment of this disease, medically conceptualizing kidney failure as an incurable chronic disease that affects the kidneys, increases the inability to expel waste, balance fluids and unbalance the blood part that the body produces. The Cognitive Behavioral approach was supported, which is a holistic model that covers the perspectives, behaviors of the individual and the relationship in their interpersonal areas, based on the theories of Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis, edges were evaluated such as the behavior that was in charge of detecting those behaviors that arose after receiving the diagnosis; the emotion was an expression produced after the news of her health and the acceptance process; the thinking that arose from the ideals provoked by the difficulty of acceptance and the challenge of adhering to the treatment; and the support network that referred to the psychological help they received from the patient's social area, including the financial support produced by the expenses of the condition. The selected participants were older adults ranging from 60 to 74 years old, who have been diagnosed with kidney failure and the hemodialysis process for approximately 6 months to 9 years. The study was held under the qualitative-hermeneutic research approach of phenomenological design and a non-probabilistic sample by chain or by networks. As the investigation progressed, the sample increased until the relevant data was saturated, so 5 participants were finally adjusted. For the collection of information, techniques such as qualitative observation were used, which was necessary to corroborate with the inquiry that they provided during the meeting, the semi-structured qualitative interview was useful to acquire the stories based on premises elaborated by the interviewers and the active participation of the interviewers. researchers required for study analysis. The results obtained showed that older adults experienced significant changes in the area of thought, since suicidal ideas, religious beliefs and positive perspectives were found, In the section on emotions during the kidney disease process, aspects such as emotional reaction to the diagnosis, emotional restraint and resilience were evidenced; while in the behavioral actions, the difficulty of acceptance, behavioral responses to the diagnosis and coping activities were located, Finally, in the importance of support networks in the recovery of the patient, the relevance of utilitarian support, significance of social support and family relationship and adherence to treatment was found. Aspects such as emotional reaction to the diagnosis, emotional containment and resilience were evidenced; while in behavior, the difficulty of acceptance, behavioral responses to the diagnosis and coping activities were located; Finally, in the support network, the importance of utilitarian support, the significance of social support and family relationships, and adherence to treatment that supported the progress of the patient was found.