Autocuidado del paciente con pie diabético en una unidad de salud del primer nivel de atención

Abstract

Introduction: The diabetic foot is one of the most frequent complications of Type II Diabetes mellitus, affecting a significant percentage of the world population, men more frequently than women at a predominant age between 40 to 59 years of age. whose risk factors are: genetics, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidaemia, type II diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking, sedentary lifestyle. At the Ecuador level, it represents a serious public health problem because it is considered one of the most common causes in primary care. The diagnosis is based mainly on the clinic: such as alteration in sensitivity, localized pain of great intensity, coldness in the limb, hyperesthesia, dry skin, decreased sensitivity and presence of ulcerations. The diagnostic methods are: Foot X-ray, Echo Doppler, Angiography of the lower limbs and CT. Medical treatment is aimed at the stage in which the pathology is found, be it prophylaxis of the diabetic foot as well as its etiology, ranging from pharmacological treatment to amputation. Objective: The purpose of this case analysis is to implement adequate measures of care for patients with diabetic foot who attend primary health care, focused on the self-care model of Dorothea Orem, analyzing the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy and in turn determining the risk factors that influence the development of the diabetic foot.