Recopilación bibliográfica de posibles ventajas y desventajas que se pueden presentar al realizar ovariohisterectomía en perras menores a seis meses.

Abstract

Ovariohysterectomy is performed in order to avoid indiscriminate reproduction of dogs and consequently the abandonment of puppies, transmission of diseases, fights, among others. Dog overpopulation has become a problem at local, national and world level. For this, it is necessary to carry out projects and campaigns with the society and to make known the different alternatives that exist to control uncontrolled reproduction. It is observed that performing ovariohysterectomy before six months of age presents a greater number of disadvantages such as changes in their behavior, urinary incontinence, hypothyroidism, incomplete development of their reproductive organs and obesity, While the advantages observed are the reduction of the percentage of mammary tumors, vulvar and perivulvar dermatitis and the control of convulsive crises when certain females present primary epilepsy, therefore, the ovariohysterectomy should be performed after the first heat, so as not to affect their structural and physiological development. Finally, spaying is generally performed to avoid certain pathologies such as pyometra, mammary tumors, ovarian cysts, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, ovarian cysts, vaginal hyperplasia, pseudopregnancy and others. Therefore, it is necessary to know the structure of the female reproductive system and its functions, its reproductive cycle, as well as the different techniques of ovariohysterectomy that exist such as medial, lateral and laparoscopic OVH, which are at the discretion of the veterinarian and his skills to perform each of these.