Estrés, concepto, clasificación, repercusión sobre el funcionamiento armónico del cuerpo animal, el bienestar y la reproducción-producción.

Abstract

As the years go by, the great importance of animal welfare is recognized in animal production, over time the intensification of the different production animal management systems has increased, which leads to increasing animals in less space, which represents greater management. to meet needs corresponding to animals. Animal welfare is a science that seeks to improve the quality of life, it is to have them in compliant and pain-free environments that allow them to satisfy their nutritional, health and behavioral needs, these characteristics are met with the well-known 5 freedoms of Animal Welfare, which are: free from malnutrition, free from discomfort, free from disease, free from fear and free to express your natural behavior. Stress is the alteration in the body, that is, in a defense mechanism that triggers a biological response to a stimulus with the environment that alters the normal homeostasis of the animal, it can be said that animal welfare is the presence of stress, within stress We find the general adaptation syndrome with which it consists of 3 phases that are: The alarm phase, resistance phase and exhaustion phase. The main stress-generating factors in livestock are disclosed, which are the incorrect handling of animals is affected in reproduction and production, the response to stress has negative effects such as changes in immune function, growth, productivity and reproductive activity .