Factores asociados al desarrollo de obesidad e hiperinsulinismo

Abstract

Obesity is a disease characterized by excessive levels of body fat and currently this pathology in a pediatric age constitutes one of the main health problems for the 21st century due to its direct relationship with the metabolic syndrome. The WHO estimated that in 2016 worldwide there were more than 340 million children and adolescents with obesity and overweight. The aim of the present work was to analyze the main causative factors of obesity and hyperinsulinism for timely diagnosis and treatment. The methodology used in this research was based on a descriptive study compiling information from scientific articles for the resolution of the proposed clinical case. It has been defined that the main factors that cause obesity are: unbalanced diet, lack of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle, in addition to the fact that obesity is a key factor for the development of hyperinsulinism, and for its diagnosis it is necessary to take into account criteria established by the AACE such as: a BMI ≥ 25 and the value obtained in the insulin resistance index (HOMA). Finally, as a basic treatment to counteract obesity we have: healthy diet in conjunction with the performance of scheduled physical activities, but there is also the possibility of accessing a pharmacological treatment, considering Orlistat as the appropriate drug for this.