Determinar la relación, área foliar con uso de enraizadores en la producción de banano musa x paradisiaca.

Abstract

Plant growth regulators such as auxins, abscisic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid etc., help plants not only in the root part, but also in the agronomic growth of the plant, as in obtaining a greater height, a greater diameter of the stem, an increase in the foliar area of ​​the plant, which will also help in the performance of the plant at the time of harvest, and also obtain a greater weight of the clusters. The experiment was developed in the Nueva Era farm, located in the Machala parish, in the Machala canton, El Oro province. The aim is to verify with which of these rooting agents a better productivity and a greater increase in growth are obtained in the plants of Banana Musa x paradisiaca cultivar Cavendish. The experimental design used in this project was a completely randomized block design with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions, for which 4 blocks of 0.3 hectares per block were selected. The work consisted of applying different types of rooting agents to be able to see the agronomic effects that it caused in the plant, for which the measurements of the growth variables such as foliar emission, height of the son and the mother, circumference of the son and mother, leaf area and also the yield variables such as bunch weight, rachis weight, number of hands at harvest, number of sun fingers, length of the middle finger of the last hand. Measurements were made weekly for 26 weeks. The treatments used were T1 (Terra sorb foliar + Aminoquelant Ca), T2 (Raizal + Biozyme Tf + Carbox), T3 (Equilibrium + Aminoquelant Ca), T3 (Equlibrium + Aminoquelant Ca + Aminoquelant Zn) and To (control) . To perform the different statistical analyzes, IBM SPSS Statistics 21 software was used, we proceeded to make bar graphs, also an exploratory graph of boxes and whiskers to verify the existence of atypical values ​​and visualize the behavior of each study variable, the test was performed of data homogeneity for each variable, to check if the hypotheses were accepted, then the analysis of variance (Anova) and Tukey's test to observe the significant differences and the different subsets and finally the descriptive analysis to compare and determine the best treatments. The best treatment that had an effect on most of the study variables was T1 (Terra sorb foliar + Aminoquelant Ca), having as results an average in the growth variables the following results of: height of the son 2.88 m, circumference of the son 69.9 cm, leaf emission of 0.8, leaf area 19,940 m2 and likewise in the yield variables, T1 was also the one that obtained the highest values ​​such as: bunch weight 76.55 lb, rachis weight 76.55 lb, number of hands at harvest 8, length of the last hand finger 23.24 cm, and the number of hands of the sun 23.