Evaluación de rendimiento de 4 variedades de rábano (raphanus sativus l.) en el cantón arenillas

Abstract

In Ecuador there are approximately 14455 hectares cultivated of radish, the main producing provinces are in the north of the country such as Imbabura, Tungurahua, Cotopaxi and Chimborazo. Radish is a food consisting of a large amount of water as the main element, as well as carbohydrates and fiber, so it provides low levels of calories, being recommended by nutritionists in weight-regulating diets, it contains an important amount of vitamins, of those that stand out those of group C and folates. Those of group C have antioxidant action, they intervene in the prevention of diseases such as cardiovascular or degenerative diseases and favor the formation of collagen, teeth, bones or red blood cells. The test area is located at the following geographic coordinates: longitude 80 ° 06'48.51 ”W; latitude 3 ° 45'27.67 ”S, and a height of 197 meters above sea level. It was held at the La Florida site of the Palmales Parish of the Cantón Arenillas. The area corresponds to the dry to semi-humid tropical mega-thermal climate whose main characteristics correspond to an annual rainfall total between 1000 and 1500 mm, collected from December to May, the dry season is very marked, it extends from June to November; and the average elevated temperatures are higher than 24 ° C according to the soil taxonomy map of the Atlas of the El Oro Province. The taxonomic classification of the soil, silty loam textural class and an average pH of 6.8. The total area of the experiment is 82.65 m2, it is 14.5 m long and 5.7 m wide, it has 16 experimental units and each unit has an area of 2.4 m, its measurements are 3 m long and 0.8 m wide. The distance between experimental units is 0.5 m. The study cultivars are Red Silk, Punta Blanca, Crimson Giant and Cherry Belle, for an adequate evaluation of the study factors, the following variables were taken into account: plant height ( cm), leaf length (cm), leaf width (cm), number of active leaves per plant, root weight (g), root diameter (cm) and agricultural yield (kg / ha). The SPSS Statistics version 25 program was used, with a reliability in the estimate of 95% (α = 0.05) for the evaluation of morphological and productive parameters of four radish cultivars in the canton arenillas, for which the analysis was used ANOVA variance of one factor in each of the variables (plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of active leaves, root weight, root diameter and agricultural yield). In case the different cultivars presented statistical differences, a range test and multiple comparisons (Post-Hoc test) were applied to know between which cultivars there are differences or similarities. The cultivar that presents the greatest adaptability to these edaphoclimatic conditions is Crimson Giant, since it presents better results in most of the variables evaluated, with an average agricultural yield of 15,395.75 kg / ha, while the least recommended cultivar for this area is Punta Blanca due to its low yield of 12,947.75 kg / ha.