Efecto de la fertilización orgánica en parámetros morfológicos y productivos del cultivo del pepino en la finca comuna el cambio.

Abstract

Cucumber is of great importance in human nutrition due to its high content of minerals, proteins and vitamins. In the Ecuadorian territory the provinces that grow this crop are Esmeraldas, Santa Elena, Azuay, Carchi, Chimborazo, Imbabura, Loja, Pichincha and Tungurahua, being the province of Guayas the first producer of this crop, but the yield of this crop will depend on the genetic material that is used in addition to the climatic conditions and the respective agronomic management that is given to it. The present research work was carried out in order to agronomically evaluate the cultivation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), under the application of different doses of organic and inorganic treatments, in the province of Oro, Machala canton, sector of the Commune el Change between the geographical coordinates: South latitude 03º17'52.25” and west latitude 79º53'18.38”, at a height of 12 meters above sea level. The design that was applied was simple Latin square, where a controlled factor is presented (treatment with different doses of vermicompost and a mineral fertilizer) and uncontrolled factors (soil fertilizer and animals), with 3 treatments establishing 4 repetitions per treatment, In addition, they performed 5% intergroup factorial ANOVA tests. For the evaluated treatments, vermicompost was used in two doses T1 240 g, T2 480 g plus mineral fertilizer T3 360 g and a control T0, where the variables evaluated were the following: plant height, stem diameter, number of active leaves, number of fruit per plant, fruit length, fruit weight and harvest yield. Through the results it was obtained that there is a significant difference between the treatments indicating that the vermicompost improves the agronomic responses of the cucumber crop. In the data collection at the three evaluation moments at 30, 45 and 60 days after transplantation, we can see a difference in the variable height of the plant in which the following results were obtained: T2 (480 g of vermicompost) reached the highest value of plant height 30 days after transplantation (42.7 cm), statistically equal to T1 (240 g of vermicompost) that obtained 39.1 cm in height and statistically different from T3 (mineral fertilization 360 g) With a mean of 37 cm and the control (33.7 cm), the T2 (480 g of vermicompost) reached the highest value of plant height 45 days after transplantation (120.1 cm), statistically equal to T1 (240 g of vermicompost) that obtained 116.3 cm in height and statistically different from T3 (360 g mineral fertilization) with an average of 114.8 cm and the control (110.7 cm) and T2 (480 g of vermicompost) reached the highest value of plant height at 60 days after transplantation (151.7 cm), the same statistic Statistically at T1 (240 g of vermicompost) that obtained 145.2 cm in height and statistically different from T3 (mineral fertilization 360 g) with an average of 137.4 cm and the control (137.2 cm). The treatment on the length of the fruit at harvest at 60 after transplantation was T2 (vermicompost) with an average value of 22.5 cm. The treatment that obtained the highest yield in fruit weight 60 days after transplantation was T2 with the application of 480 g per plant with an average of 312.4 g / m2 which the converted value was 3124 kg / ha, which it would reflect good profitability.