Terapéutica anticonceptiva en pacientes con diagnóstico de maltrato sexual

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis of sexual abuse is conceptualized as those sexual acts that are coerced or forced, since they are carried out without the consent of the victim, whose definition is found in the International Classification of Diseases - 11 (ICD-11) and its coding is PJ21 , while in the ICD-10 the term used is sexual abuse with the codification T74.2. DEVELOPMENT: Contraceptive therapy in women diagnosed with sexual abuse is based on three fundamental pillars: treatment of injuries, prophylaxis in cases of sexual violence and contraceptive treatment. There are several emergency contraception alternatives: the copper intrauterine device and three different types of emergency contraceptive pills (ulipristal acetate, levonorgestrel, and a regimen that combines estrogen and progestogen). METHOD: PubMed, Cochrane, NIH and SciELO databases were searched to identify relevant information on abuse and sexual violence from 2016 to 2021. CONCLUSION: Unintended pregnancies resulting from sexual abuse can be prevented by up to 95 % of cases if adequate and early management is carried out in patients, with the present bibliographic review it has been found that there is little knowledge about emergency contraceptive methods and that only emergency contraceptive pills are prescribed and they do not provide advice on the IUD, which is the most effective method with 99.9% effectiveness, compared to 70-90% provided by emergency contraceptive pills.