Perspectivas sobre Crecimiento Económico y Medio Ambiente: Curva Ambiental de Kuznets en la Alianza del Pacífico.

Abstract

This article has the main objective of demonstrating the existence or not of the hypothesis of the environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in the form of an inverted U in the countries of the Pacific Alliance. The four countries that make up the commercial block were considered as a field of study, applying methodological tools such as, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) models. The relationships between economic growth, as an independent variable, and CO2 emissions, as a dependent variable, were estimated in the short and long term. The period of analysis included a time-series from 1991 to 2017. Five variants of the proposed models were considered, including variables such as: population, foreign direct investment (FDI), unemployment, Gini coefficient and exports of goods and services. The main contribution of this research lies in presenting the relationship between the main variables of economic growth and CO2 emissions in the members of the economic alliance, where Mexico showed greater compliance with the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis according to the data analyzed in the study period.