La función crítica de la obra de arte referente a la contaminación por efectos de basura en ciudad de Machala

Abstract

This project called "The Critical Function of the Artwork Concerning Garbage Pollution in The City of Machala" has considered the technique of collage with residual materials or reuse as a process of experimentation for its constitution. In 20th-century France, collage was not created as an evolution to technique; it arises in response to the mass production system and a consumerist society. In Ecuador, there is considerable three-dimensional artistic production such as the assembly of scrap metal or other objects, compared to the collage of plastic waste. In the city of Machala, the artist Danny Narváez is recognized for his own technique and uses melted plastic in his works, being a reference to art with plastic recycling. The social problem about pollution from the effects of litter affects the environment, caused by consumerism and the inappropriate actions of society by throwing waste from manufactured products, from this arises the need to produce two artistic proposals, with the collage of plastic sleeves. The methodology used in the artistic proposal was to adhere by small layers pieces of plastic, with the help of silicone are compacted and acquire the colors relevant to the objective of this, in addition, the style developed is Impressionism - Expressionism, therefore, it was considered to highlight light and contrast warm colors with cold. The photographic record of this artistic proposal was shared by social networks, especially by Facebook, it was intended to demonstrate the vulnerability of the human being with greater incidence in children and older adults, that is, they are affected by the bite of mosquitoes, as a result of the garbage dump, however, with rain water stagnation arises in the garbage and results in the creation of these mosquitoes; that is why, by recycling plastic as material for the realization of these artistic works, it generates a contribution to non-pollution, reflecting one of the consequences towards irresponsible acts that affects health. According to data from the INEC (National Institute of Statistics and Census), Ecuador produces almost 13,000 tons of garbage daily in 2018, and about 12% are plastic, according to 2016 data in households in the city of Machala about 73% do not classify garbage, however, nationally, according to 2019 data, about 62% of households classify trash. Concerns also arose about the overuse of plastic covers, when receiving products in the supermarket, almost 79% of Ecuadorian households use non-biodegradable covers, rather than reusing bags of fabric or other material, making this consumerist act more harmful to the environment. Therefore, pollution from the effects of litter is a problem that will always be present, unless society is responsible for not throwing garbage, recycling and collaborating in neighborhood union, and even zonal, as a contribution to non-pollution by garbage and recycling.