La criminalistica: estudio de la escena del crimen desde varias perpesctivas, su naturaleza, objetivos y participacion en la justicia.

Abstract

The case study details what criminal science is as the auxiliary discipline of Criminal Law and its importance in the investigation of a criminal act in which the crime scene is analyzed from different perspectives, it also, sets out in a concrete way the different branches, its nature, objectives and participation in criminal justice, as well as the importance they contribute to Criminalistic in clarifying a crime. In such a way that, in the development of this research, those auxiliary branches of Criminalistic that are part of the theoretical base of this case study are defined, such as: forensic medicine and legal medicine. In addition, those meanings of the terms such as criminology, criminalistic, crime, criminal and criminality are exposed, which has made it possible to draw as an objective the analysis of the questions of criminal theories that revolve around the nature and objectives of Criminalistics with relation to the study of the crime scene and its participation in justice, through a case study of comparison between the penal system of the United States of North America and the one implemented in Ecuador, in order to expose the cooperation at the criminalistics level between these two States. That is why, to give it the required scientific foundation, an exhaustive investigation of scientific articles obtained from indexed journals was carried out, as well as a discussion with important illustrious experts on the subject such as Dr. Armando Durán Ocampo, who has been of great help in the preparation of this document, where, in addition to the above-mentioned conceptualizations, the Ecuadorian penal system is analyzed and criticized when experiencing the reality that Ecuador has been going through in recent years, this is the insecurity of the citizenship that has allowed to question about the application of criminal justice in homicides that have occurred within the territory. In addition, a comparison is made with developed countries such as the United States of America, this in order to provide Ecuador with a positive aspect in criminal investigations, in clarifying the criminal facts and in identifying the alleged perpetrators of those acts that leaves the Ecuadorian citizens in anxiety, that day by day a reality is lived with a family in ravages and places Ecuador among the insecure countries in the world. That is why, due to the current events that occurred in Ecuador, such as homicides and assassinations in the style of hitmen or settling of accounts, it is necessary to investigate the role of Criminalistics in the criminal procedure, to know how the investigations are carried out that allow those criminal acts not to go unpunished, but rather allow the perpetrator to be comforted in the loss of a loved one. Aware that this will not fill that void of said loss, however, it will provide society with the security of living in harmony as established in the Constitution of the Republic of our Ecuador.