Análisis del impacto del sistema inmune en aves de postura por infección de la enfermedad de gumboro a temprana edad

Abstract

Gumboro disease is considered worldwide as one of the main pathologies responsible for causing a considerable mortality rate and economic losses in large and small poultry producers. It is an immunosuppressive disease of the immune system, where the virus is responsible for the destruction of the B lymphocytes present in the bursa of Fabricius. Birds are infected directly or indirectly through the oral cavity, or also by vectors such as insects, machinery or workers coming from other neighboring poultry farms, which carelessly do not respect the biosecurity rules of the place. When the virus enters the organism, it begins to cause damage to the lymphatic organs, such as the bursa of Fabricius, thymus, spleen and cecal tonsils. This makes the immune system vulnerable to secondary diseases such as coccidiosis. Currently there is no specific treatment for Gumboro, but there are methods to prevent and treat the disease, this is achieved through immunization by means of vaccines, which do not cause secondary reactions or major injuries, these help to strengthen the immune responses, it is also recommended to follow the indications of a biosecurity plan that assures the health and welfare of the birds. In the present work, emphasis is made on the impact of the immune system of laying hens when they are infected by the Gumboro virus at an early age. Also to know their physiological alterations and how to help prevent them.