Evaluación de cuatro cultivares de lechuga en parámetros agronomicos similares en la granja santa ines

Abstract

Worldwide there is a great demand in the food system to cover clearly differentiated needs. There are a number of criteria referring to the production system, taking into account the conventional and agroecological system; The conventional system being highly polluting, but the most feasible, on the other hand, the agroecological system is friendly to the environment and in many cases not very feasible. Vegetables greatly affect the economy in many developed and underdeveloped countries, it is essential in the contribution of internal production, and in the generation of employment, and strengthens both national and international agri-food security. Lettuce belongs to the group of leafy vegetables, It is consumed by the vast majority of people in the world and in Ecuador the production of lettuce has been carried out successfully in all markets worldwide, presenting a high diversity of cultivars, this crop has produced significant progress in in recent years both in terms of benefit and quality, which significantly increases consumption by the population. The research work was carried out at the Santa Inés farm located in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, belonging to the Technical University of Machala; province of El Oro, where the behavior of four lettuce cultivars was evaluated, in a simple Latin square unifactorial design with four replicas and 16 experimental units of 2.63 m2 and 76.5 m2 of total area. The experimental units that were established in this research were carried out in columns and rows to reduce the effect of uncontrolled factors, on soil fertility and slope, the experimental units were located in rows and columns where each cultivar is one of the land. . In the management of this experiment, the requirements of good experimentation such as randomization and replication of the treatments, as well as the local control of all the factors that can affect the results, were met. The cultivars used in the study were Carmín, Vera, Lisa and Mimosa. The variables were evaluated weekly after transplantation: number of leaves, weight of the plant (g), diameter of the plant (cm), height of the plant (cm), length of the leaf (cm) and width of the leaf (cm). In order to know whether or not there were significant differences between the cultivars depending on the variables evaluated, an intergroup factorial ANOVA analysis of variance was carried out, after fulfilling the assumptions of data normality, homogeneity of variances and additivity. According to the results obtained, the cultivars Lisa (16 leaves) and Mimosa (13 leaves) reached the highest number of leaves in the first week. In the variable number of leaves, the cultivar Lisa presented the highest number of leaves until harvest. The cultivar Mimosa presented the highest weight at harvest time (211.13 g). The Carmín cultivar obtained a lower value in all the variables compared to the other cultivars carried out in this study. The cultivar Mimosa was the one that presented the highest agricultural yield (51.09 t ha-1) with which,