Traumatismo abdominal penetrante por arma blanca: diagnóstico imagenológico actual y futuro en pacientes hemodinámicamente estables.

Abstract

Introduction: Selective non-surgical management (NOM) is the gold standard for treating hemodynamically stable patients with abdominal trauma, its mainstay is the diagnosis through different techniques to decide the final behavior to be followed in the patient, the indications of the different studies of image in penetrating stab wounds are hotly debated. Objective: To review the current indications for the imaging study and its possible future evolution in hemodynamically stable patients with penetrating abdominal trauma caused by a knife. Materials and methods: This research is a bibliographic review, carried out by searching for scientific articles published in the last 5 years in the PUBMED database. Conclusions: In hemodynamically stable patients with penetrating abdominal stab trauma. Standard standing chest radiography is used for screening of hemoperitoneum, pneumoperitoneum, acute diaphragmatic hernias, and retroperitoneal air, in wounds of the thoracoabdominal region or anterior abdomen from the navel up. FAST is useful in the evaluation of thoracoabdominal wounds to exclude occult bleeding. CT is indicated in flank and dorsal wounds, or tangential anterior abdominal wounds or in obese patients. CT tractography is a promising study to evaluate lesions of the thoracoabdominal region and the anterior abdomen in obese patients or tangential or very narrow border wounds.