Factores que inciden en la prevalencia de la tuberculosis e intervencion de enfermeria

Abstract

Tuberculosis is currently considered a public health problem due to its high incidence and prevalence in the young adult population. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors that affect the prevalence of tuberculosis and to analyze the role of Nursing in the Tuberculosis Control Program. A descriptive study was carried out in which three information selection criteria were applied, which are relevance, completeness and timeliness. The inclusion criteria for this review were articles published in English and Spanish corresponding to the last five years. The result of this bibliographic research highlights that the form of transmission of this pathology is by air when the affected person coughs, speaks or sneezes near vulnerable people. The influencing factors are people with TB / HIV, poor diet, overcrowding, cigarette smoking and comorbidities. It manifests itself with coughing and expectoration for more than 15 days, night sweats, fever and significant weight loss. Among the preventive measures is the timely detection of respiratory symptoms of people who go to health units, such as the identification of cases in their social environment. Hence the importance of Nursing intervention in the prevention and control of this disease from the field of management, research, teaching and direct care to the patient, family and community and in this way reduce the spread of pulmonary tuberculosis and meet the established goals. by the National Health System.