Diagnóstico de infección por streptococcus agalactiae en gestantes

Abstract

Introduction: There are many bacteria capable of proliferating and creating an imbalance in the normal microbiota of the vagina, in this case Streptococcus agalactiae is present in the gastrointestinal flora, the perineal area, the urethra and the rectovaginal tract, it can cause problems during the labor and are responsible for high perinatal morbidity and mortality and maternal morbidity. Objective: To identify the ideal diagnostic method for Streptococcus Agalactiae UTI in pregnant women. Methodology: This study is a bibliographic review, on the subject of this research, based on the search of scientific articles extracted from the database of: Pubmed, Scielo, ACOG, CDC and ELSEVIER, in the last 5 years . Conclusion: It is proposed to carry out a vaginal and rectal sample between weeks 35 and 37 of gestation, by means of a conventional culture, which allows us to isolate the bacteria and be able to carry out antibiotic susceptibility studies. Subsequently, different forms of study could be performed, from gram staining, catalase test, MALDI-TOF MS, hemolysis, phenotypic, chromogenic, CAMP, PYR, rtPCR tests, latex agglutination tests, nucleic acid amplification tests or implement the new molecular technological advances such as the BD geneohm strepB. The tests with the highest sensitivity and specificity were rtPCR, MALDI-TOF MS, NAAT and the new molecular techniques, but they have little study time, and in many laboratories they have little experience in their use.