Los mapas temáticos y su aplicación como estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza de la geografía física en el nivel escolar

Abstract

Thematic maps are considered as the ideal didactic resources for the educational process of physical geography. Teaching by means of maps allows the student to increase skills of understanding, analysis and interpretation of the environment that surrounds them. The present study was carried out with the purpose of analyzing the application of thematic maps as teaching strategies in the teaching of physical geography at an educational level. The writing was executed from a deep bibliographic review of authors and their contributions on this subject, answering to qualitative ideas, using the documentary analytical method. Among the main results, the theories conceived by the scholars of the content stand out, who after several investigations establish that the deficient use of didactic strategies according to the content of the class makes them uninteresting and unmotivating for the students; affecting equally the recognition and spatial logic, the cognitive abilities, understanding and analysis of the environment, as well as the different conceptions of learning physical geography. The analysis of the different theories also showed that the use of thematic maps has great benefits for teachers, since it strengthens their teaching strategies. It is concluded that the use of thematic maps is a relevant strategy for the instruction of physical geography, since it provides growth in cognitive development, spatial skills, territorial sense; establishing this resource as an ideal proposal to boost academic deficiencies in the understanding of local, national and world physical geography.