Factores socio-culturales y violencia contra la mujer en la comuna San José del cantón Santa Rosa, año 2020

Abstract

Violence against women refers to any act that can result in harmful damage to the health of the victims, causing internal or external injuries, affecting their integral development, a phenomenon that has received great attention from the State, academia or society. Within this framework, the theme Socio-cultural factors and violence against women in the San José commune of the Santa Rosa canton, year 2020 has been proposed. In the field of study, a great social problem was detected since there is gender inequality and violence exerted against the female sex, evidenced through various types such as: psychological shouting and insults, physical blows and shoves, sexual and symbolic showing itself in a naturalized and hidden way within homes. These acts of abuse are generated due to the fact that in the locality a macho and patriarchal thinking is maintained, which in turn causes depression, low self-esteem, isolation, anxiety in women, damaging their personal development and intra-family relationship, affecting children in their academic performance. Considering the seriousness of the problem, the necessary measures have not been taken by the pertinent authorities to combat this social phenomenon despite the existence of legal regulations such as, the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador 2008 or the Comprehensive Organic Law for Prevention and Eradication of Gender Violence against women, which protect and support the rights of victims. In seeking to analyze the phenomenon in question, the objective has been to determine the social dimension acquired by the problem of violence against women generated by the existence of degrading sociocultural practices, taking as a basis the approaches of feminist theory which raises a critical analysis of the gender visions that cause this problem and the struggle to achieve equality between both sexes. The research work carried out has a rational-deductive epistemological approach under whose direction it is sought to analyze the reality of the San José commune, in addition, the qualitative methodological approach was used that allows to describe the phenomenon in depth. For this purpose, techniques and instruments such as in-depth interviews and bibliographic or documentary review were applied through which information was obtained from experiences, opinions and various data. The results obtained showed that there is no empowerment on the part of the female gender characterized by a low perception of their capacities and worth as women, their exclusive dedication to household activities, and economic dependence on men. All this in the context of violence that violates their rights, affects their personal and professional development, preventing them from entering the labor, political and economic field. The intervention proposal has been proposed to develop a community plan for the reduction of violence against women in the San José commune, the same one that is aimed at women, families and the population in general. The proposal includes the development of sensitization and awareness activities with the help of the pro-improvement committee and the Municipal GAD of the Santa Rosa canton to promote a life free of violence and gender equality, achieving a more harmonious and equitable society, aimed at that both men and women have the same life chances.