Condiciones socioeconómicas y calidad de vida del adulto mayor de Machala adscrito al programa adulto mayor emprende del GAD provincial

Abstract

This research addresses the socioeconomic conditions and quality of life of the elderly in Machala, who are part of the Adulto Mayor Emprende program of the Provincial Autonomous Government of El Oro. This program is designed to address the problems of the quality of life of this priority group, which requires actions and policies based on the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, The aim is to identify the socioeconomic conditions of this priority attention group, in order to characterize the actions taken by the family or the person in charge of the elderly, in addition to the main social and economic factors that influence the behavior and conduct of the person in the family environment during his or her age. The research is justified by the social need to know the situation of the elderly in its socioeconomic aspect, the interest of researchers is to confirm a permanent problem in society. The research is of a quantitative nature, epistemologically supported by the hypothetical-deductive approach, it is also important to mention that this project is based on the humanist theory which addresses the balanced connection between society and the human part of each individual, as a task that must transcend the history of sociology and anthropology. To establish a broad conceptualization of the structural evolution of society. So, for the field work, techniques such as, survey and direct observation, which allowed us to understand the reality in which older adults live in relation to the advance of age, the deterioration of health, and capacities such as certain social and family aspects, with which it was found that 34% of the elderly do not receive attention from family members and are therefore forced to take care of themselves and satisfy their basic needs, understanding that 31% do informal work and earn less than the minimum wage, which allows us to understand that this priority group is in a state of vulnerability. On the other hand, a proposal has been put forward which allows for an improvement in the quality of life of the elderly, in which workshops have been designed to motivate and guide the entrepreneurial activities that are going to be carried out in the process of implementation such as: handicrafts, raising chickens, baking and pastry making, family gardens, including activities that are focused on the physical and mental faculties of the elderly, the proposed intervention, which will allow this small group in a situation of vulnerability to have occupations and income to improve their quality of life. The results that are expected to be obtained with the execution of this project, is the active participation of the elderly in society, as well as to obtain a remunerative income generated from the entrepreneurial activities, designed in the intervention proposal. Considering that older adults are a primary priority group that has contributed to the economic, social, cultural and political development of society, there is a need to reward the effort, sacrifice and perseverance that older adults have had throughout their lives.