Evaluación retrospectiva de producción en 3 lotes de reproductoras cobb 500 durante el año 2019 – 2020 en granja avicola

Abstract

This research work was carried out in the facilities of the Avícola corporation"El Guayacán", located in the parish La Cuca belonging to the canton Arenillas, Province of El Oro – Ecuador, with geographical coordinates -3.484837,-80.089683. The study was carried out on breeding hens of the Cobb 500 line, in order to evaluate the reason why the batches of birds in that company do not have productive behavior similar to that recommended by the supplier line, which seeks to determine the main causes that are causing the mismatches. For this work there were three batches of birds: Lot 7, 8 and lot 9, each with a population of birds in the Levante area of: Lot 7 x 10634 Females and 1562 Males; Lot 8-10400 Females & 1560 Males; and Lot 9 x 10375 Females and 1555 Males, in the same way in the production area with a bird population of: Lot 7. 9913 females and 992 males; Lot 8. 9640 females and 960 males; Lot 9. 9965 females and 988 males, of these batches were taken and analyzed data related to: biosecurity, management system, consumption and how to feed birds, weekly weight control, uniformity control, monitoring and control of the vaccination program, mortality and behaviour in egg production. As a result of this research it was determined that the management of birds was not adequate with respect to maintaining the minimum uniformity of 80% with respect to the size and weight of birds, the daily ration of food has not been adequate in terms of: quantity, quality and frequency, and was not evenly distributed, it was also found that biosecurity control has not been fully met , the sanitary vacuum time in the lift area was not recommended, the transfer of birds from the lift area to the production area is taking place very late causing stress. The mortality of birds in both the east and production exceeds the percentages established by the line. It was observed that the feeding of the batches studied has considerable instability due to the quantity and quality of raw materials, which is reflected in the body development during the lifting stage and in the level of production, it is observed that at the production stage come birds with little uniformity and also arrive overweight birds , resulting in poor productive performance. The analysis of batches 7 and 9 tells us that the production of these lasted 30 and 36 weeks respectively, in relation to what is able to produce the line under normal conditions, these had to be sold before they met their production period because their performance was not profitable for the company. With respect to the economic analysis, it was established that during the production period of the three lots the amount of 56,08 incubable eggs per hosted bird was lost, representing for the company a loss of $19,628 per bird, with a total of $579,379,304 considering the 29,518 birds housed in the 3 lots of the study. With this productive and economic analysis we can establish that the company through its technical staff must correct and improve the system of management, food, efficient mortality control, uniformity, biosecurity, prevention and health, having sufficient and trained personnel in order to work to improve the productive and economic efficiency of the company.